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Dr. Bob is Robert Hsiung, MD,
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Posted by europerep on January 25, 2015, at 10:17:07
In reply to feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 24, 2015, at 16:02:14
Hey there...
I can really only echo what Ed has already said. Irreversible MAOIs like tranylcypromine and phenelzine are definitely one of the things to look at for treating refractory depression.
And I can also confirm from experience that MAOIs are in no way to be considered stronger SNRIs or something like that. Trancylpromine and phenelzine affected me in a way entirely different from venlafaxine (up to a dose of 600mg/d), or any other antidepressant for that matter. Incidentally, this was not in a positive sense, as I experienced strong side effects and an actual worsening in depression, but at least that second part is actually really rare. The forum here is full of positive and even life-saving experiences with irreversible MAOIs.
By the way, tranylcypromine also has a weak but not negligible stimulant component. I definitely felt it when I took my first dose of the day, it kind of reminded me of methylphenidate. So if you have felt some benefit from stimulants, tranylcypromine might be preferable to phenelzine as a first choice.
But, in essence, I really agree that MAOIs are probably worth exploring in your case. Of course there are things you must learn about them and of which you are already aware, namely risks for drug-drug and food-drug interactions, but these should really not be blown out of proportion. I mean, those things that you have to avoid on MAOIs you *definitely* do have to avoid, without any ambiguity, but it's really not that difficult to build a diet around the restrictions that will be perfectly safe.
I hope this helps...
Posted by hello123 on January 25, 2015, at 16:02:05
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by Phillipa on January 24, 2015, at 21:38:45
tbe Encephalitis was caused by a sick cat that scratched my thumb. the scratch wasnt really any worse than a paper cut, but it sure caused some problems. It started outwith a swollen Lymph-node under my arm. my mom took me to my doctor about this, and we were told it would go away in time. i cant remember how long he said, but i do remember hating that id have to go all that time with that weird looking lump. my mom asked if i needed an Antibiotic and he said "no". so we went back home and i think it was within about a week later (i dont remember this part) i developed a high fever and was talking "out of my head", so my parents rushed me to the closest hospital. and from there i was taken by ambulance to a better Childrens Hospital. and during this time i went into the Coma.
after some tests, they found that about 75% of my brain was infected and told my family they would know with in 5 days if id live or die. and after 5 days i woke from the coma. my body was completely exhausted of all its strength, but i slowly but surely got itvall back and was goid to leave after about 2 weeks after the Coma.
None of this was really at all a tragic exoerience for me like it was for my family. like i said, i dont even remember the really bad parts.
Posted by hello123 on January 25, 2015, at 16:24:31
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by europerep on January 25, 2015, at 10:17:07
Ed,i actually felt the opposite effect of what most experience from Wellbutrin. bad effects on motivation and libido. but i havent tried the other two. ive been nervous about trying a med with the main action of increasing Norepinephrine. while i did well for a short while on Adderall even tho it increases NE, it seems every other med with a strong action on NE like Wellbutrin, Effexor and Fetzima. their negative effects were much different than the numb feeling SSRI's give me, so i figured it was from the Norepinephrine. they made me feel way worse by making me just disconnected feeling as well. My pdoc mentioned he was considering Strattera at my last appointment. Do you think the two you mentioned would likely be a better option than Strattera? ive gotten much more willing to try an NRI lately.
Posted by hello123 on January 25, 2015, at 16:28:21
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by europerep on January 25, 2015, at 10:17:07
thats good to hear the effects from MAOI's feel much different than Reuptake Inhibitors for you. Thanks and it makes me feel more hopeful about trying them
Posted by Lou Pilder on January 25, 2015, at 16:48:13
In reply to Re: Lou's response-prakmed » Lou Pilder, posted by ed_uk2010 on January 25, 2015, at 10:05:42
> Lou,
>
> As the board's greatest proponent of clarification, I have made the decision to clarify my previous post (especially for you) by means of an re-phrase...
>
> 'Nardil and Parnate... If you have not already tried both, you need to.'
>
> ....has now been reworded as....
>
> 'If you've not already tried both, you need to consider doing so.'
>
> Does that help? :)
>
> ed,
You wrote,[...does that help?...]
> I am unsure as to who it helps. Who do of the following does it help?
A. The drug companies that make those drugs.
B. The psychiatrist/doctor that prescribes the drugs
C. The pharmacy that sells the drugs
D. The taker of the drug(s)
E. something else
Lou
Posted by ed_uk2010 on January 25, 2015, at 16:57:32
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options ED_UK, posted by hello123 on January 25, 2015, at 16:24:31
> Ed,i actually felt the opposite effect of what most experience from Wellbutrin. bad effects on motivation and libido.
Wellbutrin's mechanism of action is not well understood.... it's not like nortriptyline or desipramine though, that much is clear.
>every other med with a strong action on NE like Wellbutrin, Effexor and Fetzima.Effexor is a weak norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor but a potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Wellbutrin isn't a potent NRI either, it's a weak NRI, a very weak DRI and has other poorly understood actions, for example at nicotinic receptors. Neither drug is particularly similar to tricyclic antidepressants.
It could be that you'd find the tricyclic NRIs such as nortriptyline intolerable, but you won't know unless you try... You might respond well.
>i figured it was from the Norepinephrine...
It certainly could have been, but it's not definitely the case. I think you need to be cautious if you try nortriptyline or desipramine. Start with a very low dose if you choose to try one. Strattera was not effective against depression in clinical trials, I wouldn't particularly recommend it for this purpose when NRIs proven to be effective against depression are available. Tricyclics are dangerous in overdose which is one reasons that some pdocs may not wish to prescribe.
Desipramine is a potent and relatively selective NRI. Nortriptyline has more additional effects - it might be better if you suffer from anxiety or trouble sleeping. Nortriptyline possibly has slightly more evidence to support its use in severe depression... on the other hand it may cause more dry mouth and initial drowsiness (which tends to wear off quite quickly).
Posted by ed_uk2010 on January 25, 2015, at 16:59:51
In reply to Lou's request-hudu » ed_uk2010, posted by Lou Pilder on January 25, 2015, at 16:48:13
>You wrote,[...does that help?...]
> > I am unsure as to who it helps. Who do of the following does it help?
> A. The drug companies that make those drugs.
> B. The psychiatrist/doctor that prescribes the drugs
> C. The pharmacy that sells the drugs
> D. The taker of the drug(s)
> E. something elseE, the clarification was for you, Lou. No one else was asking for clarification.
Posted by Phillipa on January 25, 2015, at 17:53:18
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options )) Phillipa, posted by hello123 on January 25, 2015, at 16:02:05
That's right I remember it now. I'm assuming the hospital gave antibiotics for cat scratch fever. And it's totally gone now. Could the trauma of the incident be the trigger of the depression? Phillipa
Posted by Hugh on January 26, 2015, at 11:17:21
In reply to feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 24, 2015, at 16:02:14
Is it possible that the naltrexone is making you worse? 25 mg is a really high dose for depression. I take low dose naltrexone. The highest I've ever gone is 4.5 mg a day. It's thought that doses higher than this can worsen depression by blocking your opioid receptors too effectively.
You said that you react poorly to norepinephrine. So do I. I'm considering stellate ganglion block, since this is supposed to reduce NE levels. It's used at dozens of pain clinics in the US. I've called several clinics, asking if they would allow me to get a stellate ganglion block off-label. So far I've just dealt with brusque, unhelpful receptionists. If necessary, I will go to Chicago to get it from Dr. Lipov.
Posted by hello123 on January 26, 2015, at 16:34:40
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by Hugh on January 26, 2015, at 11:17:21
i had slowly raised the dose of Naltrexone over a couple of weeks. i dont think ive felt any effect from it. depression hasnt gotten worse or anything.
and i'll have to read in to that treatment you mentioned. i like to very thorougbly read about any treatment thes days, as opposed to how i used to just look on WebMD for any info.
...and my appointment today was a waste of time and money. the Clinic is an hour from my home, so i drove all that way only to be told id be seeing a nurse today since my Pdoc wasnt there. this irritated me a bit since every time ive seen a nurse for psych treatment, they dont want to do much of anything. my situation is complicated and they tend to have a very structured way of thinking. Its like they got all their ideas from WebMD., but i hoped for the best anyway. long story short, she decided it was best to see the Psychatrist when he gets back. i mentionedat the end of talking to her i mentioned i was a bit irritated because i expected to be talking to a real doctor today, and about the gas money i have to spend for the hour drive there and back. of course all she could say is "aww im sorry" and i just said "im sure you are"
the more hopeless i feel, the less willing anyone has been willing to try helping me. i cant stand dealing with this dumb medical system filled with sorry doctors getting their bank account filled by sick people. it doesnt matter if anyone benefits from an appointment with them. they still get paid for simply having a sick person in their presence. Oh they ask if im suicidal or homicidal at the beginning of my appointment, but the main reason fir that is sko they dont get sued if i do anything bad after i keave there. otherwise it doesnt matter if i EVER feel any better. tbey still get paid just for having me sit in a chair in front of their desk.
Posted by hello123 on January 26, 2015, at 19:32:16
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 26, 2015, at 16:34:40
im done with this. im not going to continue playing games with these dumb doctors. the more hopeless my situation gets, the less willing they are to even try to help me. im so unable to function, and am suffering, i cant put up with this. i couldnt even get a doctor to file an appeal for me when Medicare denied coverage for VNS. the people at the hospital that did the surgery told me my psychiatrist would have to do it. and my psychiatrist told me the people at the hospital would have to do it. im way past done with this BS.
And no, i dont have any hope in trying any treatment anymore. i dont at all feel that anything i try is going to help me.
Posted by Tomatheus on January 26, 2015, at 21:33:21
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 26, 2015, at 19:32:16
Hello123,
I know that it's hard to see how improvement might come when you've tried so many treatments with so little success. The thing is, though, that no matter how unlikely improvement may seem, you never really know what might be around the corner. So, maybe seeing your condition improve isn't what you or I would necessarily expect, but unexpected things do happen, sometimes when we least expect them to happen.
It's also too bad that your appointment didn't go well and that the doctors you've tried contacting have given you the runaround on appealing Medicare's decision to deny VNS coverage. It must be frustrating to not get the opportunity to see an actual doctor when you don't seem to be in the best of shape. If your doctor is reachable via telephone, maybe you could try calling him to at least let him know the urgency of your situation. Perhaps he could call in a prescription for a different medication or at least let you come in to see him again soon.
I hope that your situation can somehow improve.
Tomatheus
Posted by ed_uk2010 on January 27, 2015, at 6:51:13
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 26, 2015, at 19:32:16
Well.... the good thing is you're not out of options. In addition, you also know what some of the options are. It's extremely hard to remain hopeful when you feel depressed, but you have to remember that you do in fact have options.
When can you see your actual doctor?
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 0:18:01
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by Tomatheus on January 26, 2015, at 21:33:21
well, thank you guys for the kind words. i'll just continue to keep trying to find something that works.
im not sure if im even supposed to mention this on babble, but i ended up having to order the Naltrexone and Selegiline that im currently taking from an overseas site. i used the site a few years ago and had good results, and read other people said they had good results, so i used this site again. it was a last resort after my pdoc wouldnt even prescribe Emsam in the lowest dose. and i didnt even bother asking for Naltrexone. i just had gotten to the point where i wasnt going to wait for a pdoc to come around to deciding to try something new.
but since ive been taking the Selegiline and Naltrexone, i havent noticed any effect on mood (which isnt abnormal, thats been my experience with many meds ive tried) but my main concern is that the meds i received might have been handled improperly, such as being store in a hot wearhouse or something, causing them to become innefective. but i have noticed one thing, ive had vivid dreams every night since i started taking them, a.d i read many experiences with Naltrexone where they described vivid dreams as a side effect. so maybe thats a sign that at least the Naltrexone is in good condition.
but... i think my next idea is to take a med that focuses on Norepinephrine and continue taking it for some time even if it makes me feel horrible like the ones i mentioned, in hopes the bad effects will eventually turn to good. thats basically how my experience with Dopamine meds like Adderall and Mirapex went. Except it was opposite, they started out GRRREAT! but then after about 6 weeks the effects suddenly reverse and they just left me much worse off.... i dont know if this idea i have sounds all that great, but i just dont know what else to do. hopefully when i see the actual psychiatrist on 2/10, he will have an idea. i used to see him in the past, and this is my first appointment with him in 5 years. and i remember him being much better than the pdoc ive been seeing lately.
Posted by ed_uk2010 on January 28, 2015, at 3:45:31
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 0:18:01
Hi.
>but... i think my next idea is to take a med that focuses on Norepinephrine
Which med would you like to try?
NRIs do not have the immediate 'feel good' effect that stimulants often produce. If they are going to work, they normally do so over a period of a few weeks. You might notice some improvement after a couple of weeks. Like all widely prescribed ADs, the AD effect appears to occur mainly in response to adaptations in the brain, and is therefore not immediate, but delayed and sustained. With tricyclic NRIs, the appearance of the AD effect is thought to be correlated with beta adrenergic receptor down-regulation in the brain.
Starting tricyclics at full doses may be poorly tolerated. It would be best to get a prescription for the lowest strength of tablet since you're not familiar with this type of med... and have concerns about tolerability.
Do you have any non-psych medical problems? And are you on any non-psychiatric meds?
Posted by Tomatheus on January 28, 2015, at 9:23:21
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 0:18:01
Hello123,
It can be hard to know for sure if the reason why your mood symptoms don't seem to be responding to naltrexone and selegiline has to do with the quality of your pills or if it just has to do with the fact that the medications aren't effectively treating your mood symptoms. I suppose that the only way to know for sure if the quality of the pills is a factor would be to see if you can get the medications prescribed so you can take what's available at your pharmacy. Of course, you may or may not want to attempt to do this, as it might make more sense to try moving on to different treatment options, but trying to get the naltrexone and selegiline that you're taking prescribed might be an option.
At any rate, I wish you luck with the psychiatrist that you'll be seeing. Hopefully your upcoming appointment will go quite a bit better than your most recent appointment went.
Tomatheus
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 13:53:00
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by ed_uk2010 on January 28, 2015, at 3:45:31
>
> Which med would you like to try?
>
> NRIs do not have the immediate 'feel good' effect that stimulants often produce. If they are going to work, they normally do so over a period of a few weeks. You might notice some improvement after a couple of weeks. Like all widely prescribed ADs, the AD effect appears to occur mainly in response to adaptations in the brain, and is therefore not immediate, but delayed and sustained. With tricyclic NRIs, the appearance of the AD effect is thought to be correlated with beta adrenergic receptor down-regulation in the brain.
>
> Starting tricyclics at full doses may be poorly tolerated. It would be best to get a prescription for the lowest strength of tablet since you're not familiar with this type of med... and have concerns about tolerability.
>
> Do you have any non-psych medical problems? And are you on any non-psychiatric meds?
>
>
>
>im really not sure which NRI id like to try. ive not read much into Tricyclics and the experiences people tend to have with them. though i plan to before my dr visit. So i basically had Strattera in mind in mind at the moment, even with it not being FDA Aproved for Depression, that doesnt mean a whole lot to me. i doubt if the med i tried that had the biggest benefit for me in the past, Cyproheptadine, would be approved for Depression.
and unless its different with Tricyclics, ive read Stratteras benefefits usually occur with the "Alpha" Adrenergic receptors, and not the Beta Receptors?
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 13:53:17
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by ed_uk2010 on January 28, 2015, at 3:45:31
>
> Which med would you like to try?
>
> NRIs do not have the immediate 'feel good' effect that stimulants often produce. If they are going to work, they normally do so over a period of a few weeks. You might notice some improvement after a couple of weeks. Like all widely prescribed ADs, the AD effect appears to occur mainly in response to adaptations in the brain, and is therefore not immediate, but delayed and sustained. With tricyclic NRIs, the appearance of the AD effect is thought to be correlated with beta adrenergic receptor down-regulation in the brain.
>
> Starting tricyclics at full doses may be poorly tolerated. It would be best to get a prescription for the lowest strength of tablet since you're not familiar with this type of med... and have concerns about tolerability.
>
> Do you have any non-psych medical problems? And are you on any non-psychiatric meds?
>
>
>
>im really not sure which NRI id like to try. ive not read much into Tricyclics and the experiences people tend to have with them. though i plan to before my dr visit. So i basically had Strattera in mind in mind at the moment, even with it not being FDA Aproved for Depression, that doesnt mean a whole lot to me. i doubt if the med i tried that had the biggest benefit for me in the past, Cyproheptadine, would be approved for Depression.
and unless its different with Tricyclics, ive read Stratteras benefefits usually occur with the "Alpha" Adrenergic receptors, and not the Beta Receptors?
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 14:03:37
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 13:53:17
i understood that when starting on an NRI, the overstimulation of Alpha receptors slowed down NE release, likely leading to a worsening of symptoms, until they downregulate after chronic stimulation. with the benefits beginning with this downregulation.
ive been thinking this is possibly what caused me to feel so terrible when i tried SNRI's.
Posted by europerep on January 28, 2015, at 16:50:02
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 13:53:00
> ive not read much into Tricyclics and the experiences people tend to have with them.
Then don't. You're not going to read yourself to a treatment that will work. As much as it sucks, trial-and-error is the state of the art for treatment-resistant depression. And really the one thing that could be an indicator of where to look for solutions -- namely decades of successful use by experienced clinicians -- you dismiss anyway.
It almost looks like you want to prove to yourself that you are a hopeless case by using the weirdest treatments -- I have never come across any kind of scientific documentation of selegiline plus naltrexone* -- rather than going for what's (statistically) most likely to help you.
Don't get me wrong, I'm not trying to attack you or anything, and thinking in a reasonable and analytical way is really tough when depressed, but I really don't think you're doing yourself a favor by proceeding the way you do.
*That doesn't mean it shouldn't be ever be tried, but it is not rational to start there before having tried well-established and safe treatments that have a much higher chance of helping you.
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 17:40:25
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by europerep on January 28, 2015, at 16:50:02
youre way off the mark, europrep. i thought id take the time to explain how, but i doubt it would be any use.
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 18:15:00
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by europerep on January 28, 2015, at 16:50:02
> Then don't. You're not going to read yourself to a treatment that will work. As much as it sucks, trial-and-error is the state of the art for treatment-resistant depression. And really the one thing that could be an indicator of where to look for solutions -- namely decades of successful use by experienced clinicians -- you dismiss anyway.
>
> It almost looks like you want to prove to yourself that you are a hopeless case by using the weirdest treatments -- I have never come across any kind of scientific documentation of selegiline plus naltrexone* -- rather than going for what's (statistically) most likely to help you.
>
> Don't get me wrong, I'm not trying to attack you or anything, and thinking in a reasonable and analytical way is really tough when depressed, but I really don't think you're doing yourself a favor by proceeding the way you do.
>
> *That doesn't mean it shouldn't be ever be tried, but it is not rational to start there before having tried well-established and safe treatments that have a much higher chance of helping you.oh what the hey...
Naltrexone is very similar to Buprenorphine, a med you said youve taken in a response to what i posted a week or 2 ago on an interesting new med in clinical trials. that med is a mix of Buprenorphine, and a new med that blocks the addictive properties of Buprenorphine, while letting its Kappa antagonism go to work. Reading about this med in trials is what gave me the idea to try Naltrexone, since i cant get a hold of any Buprenorohine. im not sure why youd call this weird, considering youve tried Buprenorphine in the past.Ive been diagnosed with Depersonalization as well as Depression, and there has been some success in using Naltrexone to treat Depersonalization.
and im not really taking these meds as a combination, in the sense you made it sound like. i just made sure there were no serious interactions and decided to start taking them at the same time in hopes at least one would bebefit me.
and no, i dont read other experiences with meds thinking i will likely react them in about the same way. i just made that statement because, other than some minor details, i just dont know much of anything about Tricyclic AD's
i think next time you need to ask so,e more questions before making a judgement.
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 18:45:12
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by europerep on January 28, 2015, at 16:50:02
"namely decades of successful use by experienced clinicians -- you dismiss anyway."
and the last clinician i talked to, with her decades of experience, insists Emsam at its lowest dose, has all the same interactions with foods as oral Selegiline. and when i mentioned to her a doc prescribed Ketamine for my Depression in the past, she said she had never heard of it being used for Depression.
and a couple of years ago when i mentioned to the same psychiatrist that i will be seeing on 2/10, that Wellbutrin actually caused a decrease in my libido, he said something along the lines of "but Wellbutrin doesnt cause a decrease in libido." i corrected him, saying Wellbutrin doesnt cause a decreased libido in most cases.
Posted by baseball55 on January 28, 2015, at 19:57:27
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options, posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 18:15:00
The active ingredient in buprenorphine that can relieve depression is buproprion - an opiate. Naloxone (which is the active ingredient in naltrexone) is mixed with buproprion in order to prevent overdose or abuse of the drug by opiate addicts. The naloxone itself has no anti-depressant properties.
Posted by hello123 on January 28, 2015, at 21:08:16
In reply to Re: feeling like im out of options » hello123, posted by baseball55 on January 28, 2015, at 19:57:27
> The active ingredient in buprenorphine that can relieve depression is buproprion - an opiate. Naloxone (which is the active ingredient in naltrexone) is mixed with buproprion in order to prevent overdose or abuse of the drug by opiate addicts. The naloxone itself has no anti-depressant properties.
im referring to this med currently in Clinical Trials:ALKS-5461 is a combination of buprenorphine, a moderate partial agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and antagonist/very weak partial agonist of the κ-opioid receptor (KOR),[9][10][11] and samidorphan, a selective antagonist of the MOR.[12][13] The combination of these two drugs results in what is functionally a selective blockade of KORs with minimal or negligible effects on the MOR.[13][11]
Through activation of the KOR, dynorphins, opioid peptides that are the endogenous ligands of the KOR and that can, in many regards, be figuratively thought of as functional inverses of the morphine-like, euphoric and stress-inhibiting endorphins,[14] induce dysphoria and stress-like responses in both animals and humans,[15] as well as psychotomimetic effects in humans,[16][17] and are thought to be essential for the mediation of the dysphoric aspects of stress.[18] In addition, dynorphins are believed to be critically involved in producing the changes in neuroplasticity evoked by chronic stress that lead to the development of depressive and anxiety disorders, increased drug-seeking behavior, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.[14][18][19] In support of this, in knockout mice lacking the genes encoding the KOR and/or prodynorphin (the endogenous precursor of the dynorphins), many of the usual effects of exposure to chronic stress are completely absent, such as increased immobility in the forced swimming test (a widely-employed assay of depressive-like behavior) and increased conditioned place preference for cocaine (a measure of the rewarding properties and addictive susceptibility to cocaine).[20] Accordingly, KOR antagonists show robust efficacy in animal models of depression, anxiety, anhedonia, drug addiction, and other stress-related behavioral and physiological abnormalities.[14][15][21][22] As such, there has been great interest in developing KOR antagonists for the treatment of these and other psychiatric conditions in humans.[14][21] Progress has been limited until recently however, due to difficulty in finding selective KOR antagonists with suitable drug profiles (e.g., good pharmacokinetic parameters, short-acting KOR inactivation, lack of toxicity, etc.) for clinical development and use in humans.[15][21]
It has been known for decades that buprenorphine binds to at high affinity and antagonizes the KOR.[23][24] In addition, there have been many reports over the years supporting the idea of it being effective in the management of depressive and anxious symptomatology, and two small clinical trials have shown it to produce remission even in depressive patients refractory to conventional antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy.[14][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] However, buprenorphine has never previously been seriously pursued for mental health indications, presumably due to concerns about its liability for abuse and dependence (and the additional difficulty in gaining regulatory approval that would certainly come with that).[36] In conjunction with samidorphan, as in ALKS-5461, however, its potential for abuse and dependence appears to be effectively negated.[37] As a result, it seems that ALKS-5461 may allow for buprenorphine to be employed safely and unrestrictedly in the treatment of depression and other conditions that it has shown efficaciousness in but that it would otherwise be used to treat likely only very rarely.
this is info from its Wikipedia article
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Dr. Bob is Robert Hsiung, MD,
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